You must be hearing of people who got COVID-19 infection after receiving their vaccine shots. Someone among your friends, family members or even you! Such cases arise a doubt on efficacy of vaccines, don’t they? Let me simplify.
People who get vaccinated can get infected with COVID-19 on exposure to the virus. Infections detected in people 14 days after their vaccination are called ‘Breakthrough Infections’. But being detected as COVID-19 positive within 14 days after vaccination is not considered as a breakthrough infection. This is because our body requires two weeks to develop immunity against the virus post vaccination, and we get exposed to the virus before our immune system is ready to fight the virus. Although some breakthrough cases are severe and fatal, the proportion is less as compared to unvaccinated population with same risk factors. As per CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), vaccines are effective and monitoring of these cases are being done to find out factors responsible for them like age, sex, vaccine type, etc.